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Presentational markup is an attempt to infer document structure from cues in the encoding.
For example, in a text file, the title of a document might be preceded by several newlines and/or spaces, thus suggesting leading spacing and centering. Word-processing and desktop publishing products sometimes attempt to deduce structure from such conventions, but, as the enormous variety of Wiki plain-text conventions prove, this is, as of yet, an unresolved problem.
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See that post with different algorithms in metabole
See the journal French Metablog with today different posts