The development of a programming language involves the use of a metalanguage. Backus–Naur form is one of the earliest metalanguages used in computing and was developed in the 1960s by John Backus and Peter Naur.
HTML and XHTML are examples of markup languages that can be used by anyone wishing to present Web pages on the internet with media such as text (formatted or unformatted), graphics, sound and video. Markup languages are different to metalanguages as they only describe how a document should be presented and not the syntax of a computer programming language. XML is the metalanguage used to describe to XHTML just as SGML is used to describe HTML. XHTML is much stricter than HTML, for example XHTML is case sensitive unlike HTML.
XML is used to describe other document types such as "OpenDocument Text" which is the native format for the word processor application in OpenOffice.org. Many other metalanguages have been based on the W3C XML 1.0 standard, including:
XQuery (An XML based Query language)
XLink
SVG
SMIL
Many more
There are in addition special markup languages for mathematical and scientific notation such as Tex and LaTeX or one of its many variants.
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See that post with different algorithms in metabole
See the journal French Metablog with today different posts
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