The literal meaning of the Sanskrit word is "he passes or crosses down." It is taken from Hindu philosophy.
The first use of graphic or text virtual identities was in multi-user domains (MUDs); although MUDs were first created in the late nineteen-seventies, "avatar" is a more recent term for a virtual character.
For a "real-world" example, see the SF in the News story Church of Fools: The Coming of the Avatar?.
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