A "basic unit" is the smallest fragment within a medium that can be taken out or isolated and still be enjoyed or understood as a complete work; that is, a fragment possessing closure.
The difference between a scene in a film and a single shot illustrates the difficulty of defining a basic unit in any medium: if the film is considered as drama, then anything less than a complete scene is insufficient to convey the essence of the form. But if film is visual art and the emphasis falls on the technology of cameras, film stock, and editing devices, then the single shot is the basic unit, and shots are the essential pieces from which the complete film is built.
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